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Historical Facts: Collapse of Austria-Hungary

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     Look at Austria. It's a small, landlocked country not in any major alliance. That's because Austria, like Switzerland, is a neutral country. But it wasn't always like this. Austria used to be a great power. At one time, Austria had an empire so big that it was hard to contain the many ethnicities. (Several peoples, including Hungarians, Romanians, and Serbs lived in the Austrian Empire.) So in 1867, they gave some autonomy to the Hungarians. This created Austria-Hungary. However, in World War I, the Empire joined the Central Powers. As we know, they lost. This ended Austria-Hungary. Both lost significant territory, even majority German and Hungarian lands. Let's check it today on Historical Facts.  Treaty of Saint Germain-en-Laye (Austria/Cisleithania)     This first treaty was for the Austrian (Cisleithanian) part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. (Cisleithania refers to the Austrian part of the empire.) After the war, Austria needed to rebuild. So the ...

Historical Facts: What is Macedonia/North Macedonia?

     If you're like me and know history from the ancient world to the present, the term "Macedonia" might sound confusing to you. That's because Macedonia is a region once contested by foreign powers, yet is now also a country. If you don't know what Macedonia (or now, North Macedonia) even is, don't worry. Today, we'll talk about what it is.      If you studied history chronologically, you probably first heard the term "Macedonia" when you studied Alexander the Great. His empire controlled a significant part of Europe and Asia, with its capital at the ancient city of Babylon. However, in 323 BCE, Alexander died, and his empire was split. The Balkan part of the empire became known as the Macedonian dynasty.      Starting in around 170 BCE, the Roman Empire conquered Macedonia. For several years, it was under Roman rule. However, the Ottoman Empire conquered Macedonia towards the end of the Middle Ages.       Macedonia woul...

Alternate WWI: Part 1 - Pre-War Dynamics

     I know I've been leaving you hanging on the Sesame War, but I guarantee you that Part 4 will come out soon. With that clear, welcome to Part 1 of my alternate First World War. The alliances will be very different here. Let's go, Enotitans! Also, please read until the end for a very important announcement.     In 1866, the Austro-Prussian War was fought. (That happened in real life.) After that, Austria and Prussia (later the German Empire) both competed to become the superior Germanic nation.      Then, in 1870, the Franco-Prussian War was fought. (This was also a real war.) But since the French leader was Napoleon III, we actually have Great Britain joining on the side of Prussia here, making for our first fictional event. The Treaty of Normandy was signed a year later, giving Alsace-Lorraine to the newly formed German Empire, and Brittany to the United Kingdom. Later that year, the Germans and Brits signed the London Pact, which was like th...